collegio
11月 5th, 2017

地図と権力　その2

「地図は、非人間的な知識として、地図が表す領域を「脱社会化」する傾向がある。そのような地図は、社会的に空虚な空間の概念を育む。地図のもつ抽象的な性質は、現代のコンピューター地図学の画像にも、15世紀のプトレマイオスの平面図の経緯線にも形体化されているが、景観の中にいる人間についての良心の負荷を軽減してしまう。権力の行使に関わる諸々の判断は、直接に頭をつき合わせる接触の世界から切り離されることになる。／これらの考え方は、歴史的なコンテクストの中で、さらに探求される余地があろう。歴史家と同じように、地図製作者は、眼に見える景観の中で権力の編成が顕現化するのを記録する際にも、また社会において権力の編成が定義される際にも、常に修辞的な役割を果たしてきた。表象の政治的意義を無視するような地図の歴史学は、「非歴史的な」地図学へと自らを追いやってしまうことになる。」（出典前掲）

前回につづいて、J・B・ハーリーの「地図と知識、そして権力」の末尾を上掲する。

この文章が収録された書籍The Iconography of Landscape　の刊行は1988年だが、その予言的正鵠性には、あらためて驚くべきものがある。

イラク戦争（2003）から今日につづく無人偵察攻撃機（UCAV〈Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle〉)の 「グローバル」な跳梁は、人間の認知装置としての地図の「非接触性」ないしは「ゲーム性」の直接的帰結である。

「地図的認知」は、その生成と原理において「権力性」と不可分である。
このことに無自覚のまま、能天気な表現とテクノロジーの系をモノマニアックに回遊するばかりであれば、「地図言説」や「地図学」はついに遊びであり、自覚はされずともその姿形は幼児的「奇形」なのである。

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